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Somebody else's problem (also known as someone else's problem or SEP) is a psychological effect where people choose to dissociate themselves from an issue that may be in critical need of recognition. Such issues may be of large concern to the population as a whole but can easily be a choice of ignorance by an individual. Author Douglas Adams' comedic description of the condition, which he ascribes to a physical "SEP field", has helped make it a generally recognized phenomenon. Somebody Else's Problem has been used to capture public attention on matters that may have been overlooked and has less commonly been used to identify concerns that an individual suffering symptoms of depression should ignore. This condition has also been employed as trivial shorthand to describe factors that are "out of scope" in the current context.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=INFORMS Miami 2001 Annual Meeting – TB18.2 Minisum Location with Closest Euclidean Distances )〕 ==Psychology== Various areas of psychology and philosophy of perception are concerned with the reasons individuals often ignore issues that are of relative or critical importance. Optimism bias tends to reduce issues of subjectivity due to the tendency to have thought processes that are overly positive: "Overly positive assumptions can lead to disastrous miscalculations — make us less likely to get health checkups, apply sunscreen or open a savings account, and more likely to bet the farm on a bad investment." Where multiple individuals simultaneously experience the same stimulus, diffusion of responsibility and/or the bystander effect may release individuals from the need to act, and if no-one from the group is seen to act, each individual may be further inhibited by conformity. An example of such instances would be the murder of Kitty Genovese, who on March 13, 1964, was stabbed and killed outside of her apartment building. "Most of the evidence suggests that at least half a dozen-and perhaps many more-of her 30 or so neighbours heard the events but failed to come to her aid. Most didn't even bother to call the police." When individuals are exposed to a multitude of messages about pressing matters of concern, information overload (now also known as "information fatigue syndrome" may be a result. In Joseph Ruff's article "Information Overload: Causes, Symptoms and Solutions" Ruff states, "Once capacity is surpassed additional information becomes noise and results in a decrease in information processing and decision quality". A student who has spent the entire semester socializing instead of studying would find themselves in a state of information overload the day before a final exam, for example. There may also be a tendency to argue that since a proposed solution does not fit a problem entirely then the entire solution should be discarded. This is an example of a perfect solution fallacy. "This fallacy is often employed by those who believe ''no'' action should be taken on a particular issue and use the fallacy to argue against ''any'' proposed action". However, taking responsibility for negative events that are outside an individual's control is related to depression and learned helplessness, particularly in adolescents. Part of the solution is to help the individual to realistically assign a proportion of responsibility to herself/himself, parents and others (step ''I'' in the ''RIBEYE'' cognitive behavioral therapy problem-solving method).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Somebody else's problem」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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